ISSN 1004-4140
    CN 11-3017/P

    二维融合宽线地震处理技术在南海北部中生界勘探中的应用

    Application of 2 D Fused Wide-Line Seismic Processing Technology in Mesozoic Exploration of the Northern South China Sea

    • 摘要: 南海珠江口盆地潮汕凹陷中生界勘探面临地震波能量屏蔽严重、多次波发育的问题。本文借鉴宽线采集处理思路,对位置相近、两个年度采集的两条二维地震测线进行了融合宽线处理研究,讨论了处理中共深度点面元定义、多次波压制、成像方式等关键问题,开展了噪声压制、多次波压制以及时差、振幅、频率、相位等的一致性处理,选用二维叠前深度偏移方法进行成像,取得良好处理效果。结果表明,进行融合宽线处理后数据与原二维数据相比,中深层有效反射能量增强、频带拓宽、低频成分更加丰富、信噪比提高,多次波压制效果变好,速度分析准确性得以提升,目标层波组特征清晰且同相轴连续性变好。该方法为充分利用历史数据、提升中深层成像效果提供了有益的借鉴,探索了利用历史数据开展宽线处理的新方式,是一项在海上二维资料丰富区域开展中深层勘探的经济实用的技术。

       

      Abstract: The exploration of Mesozoic strata in the Chaoshan Sag of the Pearl River Mouth Basin in the South China Sea faces challenges such as severe seismic wave energy shielding and strong multiple-wave development. This study introduces a wide-line acquisition and processing approach to perform integrated wide-line processing on two 2D seismic lines acquired in proximity but in different years. Key issues during processing, including common midpoint (CMP) bin definitions, multiple suppressions, and imaging methods, are discussed. Noise suppression, multiple attenuation, and consistency processing for the time shifts, amplitudes, frequencies, and phases were performed. The 2D pre-stack depth migration method was selected for imaging and yielded favorable results. The results indicate that compared to the original 2D data, the processed data after integrated wide-line processing enhanced the effective reflection energy in the middle-deep layers, improved the multiple wave suppression effect, broadened frequency bands with richer low-frequency components, improved the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), increased accuracy in velocity analysis, clearer wave group characteristics of the target horizons, and better continuity of events. This method provides a valuable reference for leveraging historical data to improve middle-deep layer imaging and explores a new approach to wide-line processing. This represents an economical and practical technology for middle- to deep-layer exploration in offshore areas with abundant 2D seismic data.

       

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