ISSN 1004-4140
    CN 11-3017/P

    基于NCCT及临床定量参数的列线图模型预测自发性脑出血的血肿扩大风险

    Nomogram Model Using NCCT and Clinical Quantitative Parameters to Predict Hematoma Expansion in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage

    • 摘要: 目的:探讨基于非增强CT(NCCT)及临床定量参数构建列线图模型预测自发性脑出血(sICH)血肿扩大(HE)的价值。材料与方法回顾性分析2025年10月至2026年2月于我院就诊并行NCCT检查的sICH患者125例。所有患者NCCT图像通过人工智能软件自动分割并提取定量参数,同时收集临床指标。按7∶3随机分为训练集(n=87)和测试集(n=38)。采用SelectKBest筛选特征,并结合方差膨胀因子及逐步回归筛选最终变量,建立Logistic回归模型。通过受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线、校准曲线及决策曲线分析(DCA)评估模型性能,并构建列线图。结果:最终纳入7个定量变量构建模型。模型在训练集和测试集中的准确率分别为88.51%和89.47%,灵敏度分别为82.76%和84.62%,曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.94和0.95,提示模型具有良好的判别能力。校准曲线显示模型预测概率与实际发生率一致性较高,拟合程度较好。DCA表明模型在较宽阈值范围内具有较高临床净获益。基于该模型构建的列线图可实现个体化HE风险预测。结论:基于NCCT及临床定量参数构建的列线图模型可有效预测sICH患者HE风险,对临床早期风险评估具有重要价值。

       

      Abstract: Objective: We investigated the value of a nomogram model using non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) and clinical quantitative parameters to predict hematoma expansion (HE) in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 125 patients with sICH who underwent NCCT at our hospital between October 2025 and February 2026. All NCCT images were automatically segmented and quantitative parameters were extracted using artificial intelligence software. Clinical variables were concurrently collected. Patients were randomly divided into training (n=87) and testing (n=38) sets with a 7:3 ratio. Feature selection was performed using SelectKBest, followed by variance inflation factor analysis and stepwise regression, to identify the best variables for constructing a logistic regression model. Model performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA), and a nomogram was developed. Results: Seven quantitative variables were used to construct a model. The model achieved respective accuracies of 88.51% and 89.47%, sensitivities of 82.76% and 84.62%, and areas under the ROC curve of 0.94 and 0.95 in the training and testing sets, indicating strong discriminative ability. Calibration curves demonstrated good agreement between predicted and observed probabilities, suggesting favorable model calibration. DCA showed that the model provided improved net clinical benefit across a wide range of threshold probabilities. The nomogram based on this model enabled individualized prediction of HE risk. Conclusions: The nomogram model integrating NCCT and clinical quantitative parameters can effectively predict HE risk in patients with sICH and adds significant value to early clinical risk assessment.

       

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