Abstract: Objective: To compare the value of DR with MSCT in diagnosis of traumatic diaphragm rupture(TDR), and provide reliable imaging basis for the surgical treatment. Methods: collected the TDR image data of 25 confirmed cases by surgery who received DR and MSCT diagnosis from January 2013 to January 2015. Analyze the collected materials with double-blind method by two senior doctors to find the following characteristic as diagnostic basis: abnormal evaluation of the diaphragm, diaphragm defect, mobility of diaphragmatic muscles, collar feature, place and size of the rupture and the contents of hernial sac. Then calculate the diagnostic accuracy of DR and MSCT referring to the results of surgery. Results: among all the 25 cases, the surgical result and DR & MSCT diagnosis result have consistency. And the diagnosis accuracy of abnormal evaluation of the diaphragm displayed on the axial images of DR & MSCT and diaphragm defect, the contents of hernial sac displayed on MSCT post-processing is 100%. Compared with surgical results, the axial MSCT diagnosis accuracy of place and size of the rupture is 20%; diaphragm defect, 48%; collar feature, 55.56%, hernial sac, 55.56%. Compared with surgical results, the MSCT post-processing diagnosis accuracy is showed below, place and size of the rupture, 92%; collar feature 77.78. DR diagnosis has some value on mobility of diaphragmatic muscles and the contents of hernial sac, and the diagnosis accuracy were 52% and 24%. But it is not so ideal on diaphragm defect, collar feature and place and size of the rupture. Conclusion: MSCT post-processing technique demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy; it can provide accurate imaging information and optimal operation plan. So it should be the preferred imaging diagnosis method in traumatic diaphragm rupture(TDR)