索伦-西拉木伦缝合带中段及周边区域面波层析成像

冯梅; 安美建; 侯贺晟; 范桃园; 臧虎临

doi:10.15953/j.ctta.2022.061

索伦-西拉木伦缝合带中段及周边区域面波层析成像

doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.061

中国地质科学院, 北京100037

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（利用高覆盖宽频地震观测研究南美大陆岩石圈三维结构（41974051））；中国地质调查项目（黑吉蒙关键区带深部地质调查（DD20221643-2）；松嫩地块及周缘关键区带深部地质调查（DD20190010））。

详细信息

作者简介:
冯梅：女，博士，中国地质科学院研究员，主要从事地震学、地球动力学方面的基础和应用研究，E-mail：mei_feng_cn@163.com

中图分类号: P 315
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-10
- 修回日期: 2022-05-13
- 录用日期: 2022-05-20
- 网络出版日期: 2022-07-05
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-31

The Lithospheric Structure of the Middle Solonker−Xar Moron Suture by Surface-wave Tomography

Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China

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Corresponding author: 冯梅

摘要

摘要: 索伦-西拉木伦缝合带中段及周边区域先后经历了古生代古亚洲洋闭合、中生代蒙古鄂霍茨克洋闭合和中新生代太平洋俯冲等构造复合叠加，导致该区深部构造异常复杂。本研究从该区近年来累积的宽频地震探测资料的地震面波和环境噪音互相关格林函数中提取瑞雷波群速度频散，并据此反演区域尺度的三维横波速度。结果发现：区域地壳厚度横向变化不大，松辽盆地和下辽河盆地地壳比大兴安岭薄，地壳厚度与地形吻合表明这些地区基本达到重力均衡状态；而辽东隆起和渤海湾盆地地壳厚度与地形高度呈反相关，表明这些地区可能仍处于构造改造过程中。在80 km深度之下，波速分布则呈现与索伦-西拉木伦缝合带走向近似平行的东西向展布。以索伦-西拉木伦缝合带为界，南北两侧横波速分布复杂程度明显不同且南侧的东西两部分复杂程度也不同。这些结果表明区域受太平洋俯冲体系冲破坏程度存在明显差异，同时索伦-西拉木伦缝合带以南可能仍有古亚洲洋板片残留。
- 面波层析成像 /
- 三维横波速度 /
- 索伦-西拉木伦缝合带 /
- 华北克拉通 /
- 中亚造山带东段
Abstract: The middle section of the Solonker-Xar Moron suture and its surrounding areas have successively been affected by the closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean during the Paleozoic, the closure of the Mongolian-Okhotsk Ocean during the Mesozoic, and the subduction of the Pacific Ocean plate since the Meso-Cenozoic, resulting in very complex, deep structures in this area. We conducted a regional-scale three-dimensional S-wave velocity tomographic study of the area. To do this, we used surface waves from earthquake data and ambient noise data recorded in recent years. The lithospheric tomographic model shows that the regional crustal thickness does not vary considerably, but the crust in the Songliao and the Lower Liaohe basins is thinner than that in the Daxing'an Mountains. The fact that the crustal thickness remains consistent with changes in topography indicates that these areas have reached gravitational equilibrium. However, the crustal thickness of the Liaodong uplift and the Bohai Bay Basin is inversely related with topography, indicating that these areas may still be in a tectonically active state. At depths greater than 80 km, the S-wave velocities spread in an east-west direction approximately parallel to the Solonker-Xar Moron suture. The complexity of the upper-mantle velocity distribution to the north of the Solonker-Xar Moron suture differs significantly from that to its south. Furthermore, south of the Solonker-Xar Moron suture, the complexity of the velocity distribution in the east differs considerably from that in the west. This implies that the destruction resulting from the Pacific Ocean subduction system varies significantly within the study region, and remnants of the paleo-Asian ocean slab may still exist in the south.
- surface wave tomography /
- 3D S-wave velocity /
- Solonker-Xar Moron suture /
- North China Craton /
- eastern segment of the central Asian orogenic belt

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图 1 研究区地形和构造简图。白线表示图6显示的横波速度剖面位置

Figure 1. Topography and tectonics of the study area. White lines indicate locations of S-velocity transects to be shown in Fig.6

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 地震台站和数据分布情况

（a）地震台站（三角）以及50 s周期的数据方位分布（玫瑰图）；（b）地震事件（细黑线）和环境噪音（细灰线）波频散观测及其区域平均（粗灰线、虚线）。玫瑰图中扇形半径与每30°方位间隔内的观测数量成正比；扇形半径越长，该方位观测数量越大；玫瑰图越接近于圆形，表示观测数据方位分布越均匀。

Figure 2. Seismic stations and data

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 相似路径（插图）的地震面波（a）和噪音格林函数（b）时频分析实例

Figure 3. Example of group-velocity dispersion analysis for earthquake surface wave (a) and noise Green’s function (b) with similar travelling paths (inset map)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 三维检测板分辨率测试结果

（a）异常尺寸为1.2°×1.2°×（15～40 km）；（b）异常尺寸为1.8°×1.8°×（20～60 km）；（c）检测板尺寸为2.4°×2.4°×（30～70 km）。注为“深度”和“剖面”的子图分别表示不同深度水平切片和穿过不同剖面的垂直切片。水平切片中白线为相应垂直剖面位置。

Figure 4. Results of 3D checkerboard resolution tests

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图 5 不同深度横波速度水平切片

Figure 5. Horizontal slices of S-wave velocity at different depths

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图 6 横波速度垂向切片（剖面位置见图1白线所示）

剖面顶部为放大的地形；黑圈为1964年以来EHB目录中在该区的地震^[55]；地表红竖线为构造或缝合线；CKF=赤峰-开原断裂；TLF=郯庐断裂带；SXS=索伦-西拉木伦缝合带；AB=华北北缘增生带；GGT=重力梯度带；NCC=华北克拉通。

Figure 6. Vertical slices of S-wave velocity (transect locations are indicated as white lines in Fig.1)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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