ISSN 1004-4140
CN 11-3017/P

合并基础病的老年人新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株感染的胸部CT和临床特征分析

陈辉, 张紫欣, 李晶晶, 杜艳妮, 邢玉雪, 陈佳敏, 关春爽, 谢汝明

陈辉, 张紫欣, 李晶晶, 等. 合并基础病的老年人新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株感染的胸部CT和临床特征分析[J]. CT理论与应用研究(中英文), 2024, 33(6): 799-807. DOI: 10.15953/j.ctta.2024.037.
引用本文: 陈辉, 张紫欣, 李晶晶, 等. 合并基础病的老年人新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株感染的胸部CT和临床特征分析[J]. CT理论与应用研究(中英文), 2024, 33(6): 799-807. DOI: 10.15953/j.ctta.2024.037.
CHEN H, ZHANG Z X, LI J J, et al. Imaging and Clinical Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variants in Elderly Patients with Underlying Diseases[J]. CT Theory and Applications, 2024, 33(6): 799-807. DOI: 10.15953/j.ctta.2024.037. (in Chinese).
Citation: CHEN H, ZHANG Z X, LI J J, et al. Imaging and Clinical Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variants in Elderly Patients with Underlying Diseases[J]. CT Theory and Applications, 2024, 33(6): 799-807. DOI: 10.15953/j.ctta.2024.037. (in Chinese).

合并基础病的老年人新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株感染的胸部CT和临床特征分析

详细信息
    作者简介:

    陈辉: 女,首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院放射科主治医师,主要从事放射影像诊断工作,E-mail:m13161940737@163.com

    通讯作者:

    谢汝明: 男,首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院影像中心主任、主任医师,主要从事胸部影像诊断工作,E-mail:mingrux@163.com

  • 中图分类号: R  814

Imaging and Clinical Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variants in Elderly Patients with Underlying Diseases

  • 摘要:

    目的:探讨合并基础病的老年患者感染新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株的胸部CT和临床特征。方法:回顾性收集首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院确诊的140例新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株感染合并基础病的老年患者,根据临床分型分为中型组和重型/危重型组,分析两组患者的临床特征、实验室检查和胸部CT影像特征(肺内病灶分布、病灶形态、CT影像征象及肺叶评分)。结果:合并基础疾病的老年新冠病毒Omicron变异株感染者中高血压/高脂血症的发病率最高,胸部CT表现为磨玻璃密度影为主,分布以多肺叶混合分布为主,临床表现主要为发热、咳嗽/咳痰等。重型/危重型组患者发热比例高于中型组。中型组的淋巴细胞计数值高于重型/危重型组,而重型/危重型组的降钙素原值高于中型组。重型/危重型组胸膜增厚的比例高于中型组。中型组和重型/危重型组的右肺下叶肺叶评分均最高(2(1,3)和3(2,4))(M(Q));重型/危重型组的总评分和各肺叶评分均高于中型组。结论:对于合并基础病的新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株老年感染患者,胸部CT对肺内病变的临床分型、病情进展评估有重要价值,对临床治疗有一定指导意义。

    Abstract:

    Objective: This study aimed to investigate the chest computed tomography (CT) findings of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants in elderly patients with underlying diseases. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 140 elderly patients with underlying diseases who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants. The patients were divided into a moderate group and a severe/critical group based on their clinical classifications. Clinical data, laboratory results, and chest CT data (including lesion distribution, morphology, image signs, and lung lobe score) were collected and analyzed for all patients. Results: Hypertension and hyperlipidemia were the most prevalent underlying diseases among elderly patients with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2. Ground-glass density opacity was the main chest CT manifestation, typically presenting as a mixed distribution across multiple lung lobes. Common clinical symptoms include fever, cough, and sputum production. The proportion of patients with fever was significantly higher in the severe/critical group compared to the moderate group. Additionally, the lymphocyte count was higher in the moderate group compared to the severe/critical group, while the procalcitonin level was significantly higher in the severe/critical group. Pleural thickening was also more prevalent in the severe/critical group. The right inferior lobe score was the highest in both groups (2 (1,3) and 3 (2,4) for moderate and severe/critical groups, respectively), with the total score and individual lobe scores being significantly higher in the severe/critical group. Conclusions: Chest CT scans play a crucial role in classifying disease severity and evaluating disease progression in elderly patients with underlying diseases infected with the Omicron variant of the novel coronavirus. These findings can also guide clinical treatment decisions.

  • 图  1   新冠Omicron变异株感染者胸部CT影像特征

    注:(a)女性,86岁,双肺多发混合分布的不规则形GGO伴部分实变。(b)男性,66岁,双肺多发混合分布的类圆形GGO。(c)男性,68岁,双肺多发扇形GGO合并铺路石征,混合分布,病变内可见支气管充气征,邻近肋胸膜增厚。(d)女性,81岁,双肺胸膜下分布的类圆形实变影,边缘可见少许索条。

    Figure  1.   Computed tomography imaging features of patients with the Omicron variant of COVID-19

    表  1   新冠Omicron变异株感染合并基础病的老年患者一般资料和临床表现(例(%))

    Table  1   General data and clinical manifestations of elderly patients infected with COVID-19 Omicron variant with underlying disease (case (%))

    项目 临床分型 统计检验
    总体(%) 中型(%) 重型/危重型(%) $\chi^2 $ P
    人数 140 91 49
    性别     88(62.86) 51(56.04) 37(75.51) 5.169 0.023
    52(37.14) 40(43.96) 12(24.49)
    临床表现 发热 123(87.86) 76(83.52) 47(95.92) 4.592 0.032
    咳嗽/咳痰 114(81.43) 76(83.52) 38(77.55) 0.750 0.387
    咽痛 41(29.29) 31(34.07) 10(20.41) 2.869 0.090
    乏力 49(35.00) 31(34.07) 18(36.73) 0.100 0.752
    肌肉酸痛 36(25.71) 26(28.57) 10(20.41) 1.111 0.292
    畏寒/寒战 34(24.29) 23(25.27) 11(22.45) 0.138 0.710
    鼻塞、流涕 25(17.86) 19(20.88) 6(12.24) 1.619 0.203
    头痛 10(7.14) 6(6.59) 4(8.16) 0.001 1.000
    呼吸困难/喘憋 28(20.00) 20(21.98) 8(16.33) 0.636 0.425
    恶心/呕吐 8(5.71) 7(7.69) 1(2.04) 0.985 0.321
    腹泻 11(7.86) 6(6.59) 5(10.20) 0.183 0.669
    嗅觉异常 6(4.29) 5(5.49) 1(2.04) 0.276 0.600
    味觉异常 8(5.71) 6(6.59) 2(4.08) 0.052 0.819
    合并基础疾病 高血压/高脂血症 95(67.86) 58(63.74) 37(75.51) 2.024 0.155
    糖尿病 65(46.43) 45(49.45) 20(40.82) 0.955 0.329
    心血管疾病(冠心病/房颤/心律失常) 44(31.43) 31(34.07) 13(26.53) 0.839 0.360
    呼吸系统疾病(肺癌/慢性支气管炎/肺间质病变) 17(12.14) 12(13.19) 5(10.20) 0.266 0.606
    慢性肾脏疾病(糖尿病肾病/肾功能不全) 15(10.71) 11(12.09) 4(8.16) 0.513 0.474
    肝病(肝炎/肝硬化/肝功能不全) 8(5.71) 3(3.30) 5(10.20) 1.684 0.194
    脑梗死 7(5.00) 5(5.49) 2(4.08) 0.001 1.000
    消化道恶性肿瘤 5(3.57) 4(4.40) 1(2.04) 0.057 0.811
    泌尿系恶性肿瘤 4(2.86) 2(2.20) 2(4.08) 0.011 0.915
    血液病 3(2.14) 3(3.30) 0(0.00) 0.453 0.501
    乳腺癌 2(1.43) 2(2.20) 0(0.00) 0.089 0.542
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2   感染新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株的合并基础病老年患者组间实验室指标比较(MP 25,P 75))

    Table  2   Comparison of laboratory indicators among groups of elderly patients with underlying disease infected with Omicron variant strains of the novel coronavirus (M(P 25, P 75))

    项目 临床分型 统计检验
    中型 重型/危重型 Z/t P
    CRP/(mg/L) 47.70(24.20,84.33) 48.85(20.55,145.60) -0.601 0.548
    WBC/×109/L 5.77(4.19,7.87) 5.54(4.26,7.57) -0.125 0.901
    LYMPH/×109/L 0.92(0.57,1.18) 0.69(0.50,1.01) -2.084 0.037
    ESR/(mm/h) 38.39±21.22* 46.19±24.13* -1.621 0.108
    IL-6/(pg/mL) 32.06(16.38,62.75) 28.82(10.54,75.87) -0.025 0.980
    PCT/(ng/mL) 0.05(0.05,0.14) 0.13(0.06,0.19) -3.505 0.001
    ORFlab基因 29.75±5.21* 30.42(26.10,35.92) -0.800 0.424
    N基因 28.93±5.10* 30.70(25.30,35.00) -0.976 0.329
    注:*为中型、重型/危重型组的红细胞沉降率值、中型组的ORF1 ab基因Ct值和N基因Ct值为正态分布资料,其余均为非正态分布资料。CRP为C-反应蛋白;WBC为白细胞;LYMPH为淋巴细胞;ESR为血沉;IL-6为白介素-6;PCT为降钙素原。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3   感染新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株的合并基础病老年患者胸部CT病变分布

    Table  3   Distribution of chest computed tomography lesions in elderly patients with underlying diseases infected with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2

    病灶分布 临床分型 统计检验
    中型/例(%) 重型/危重型/例(%) $t/\chi^2 $ P
    胸膜下分布     18(20.93) 6(12.50) 1.489 0.222
    中央型分布     0(0.00) 0(0.00)
    混合分布      68(79.07) 42(87.50)
    病灶累及总肺叶数量 4.24±1.448 4.61±1.096 -1.565 0.120
    右肺上叶      78(90.70) 44(91.67) 0.001 1.000
    右肺中叶      70(81.40) 42(87.50) 0.837 0.360
    右肺下叶      81(94.19) 47(97.92) 0.320 0.572
    左肺上叶      75(87.21) 47(97.92) 3.118 0.077
    左肺下叶      81(94.19) 47(97.92) 0.320 0.572
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4   感染新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株的合并基础病老年患者CT影像特征

    Table  4   Computed tomography lesions in elderly patients with underlying diseases infected with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2

    CT影像特征/例(%) 临床分型 统计检验
    总体 中型 重型/危重型 $\chi^2 $ P
    病变形态 类圆形 34(24.29) 22(24.18) 12(24.49) 0.002 0.967
    扇形 35(25.00) 19(20.88) 16(32.65) 2.355 0.125
    不规则形 65(46.43) 45(49.45) 20(40.82) 0.955 0.329
    CT影像征象 GGO* 130(92.86) 84(92.31) 46(93.88) 0.001 1.000
    铺路石征 123(87.86) 79(86.81) 44(89.80) 0.266 0.606
    GGO伴实变/实变 68(48.57) 41(45.05) 27(55.10) 1.287 0.257
    支气管充气征 117(83.57) 73(80.22) 44(89.80) 2.127 0.145
    GGO内支气管充气征 110(78.57) 71(78.02) 39(79.59) 0.047 0.829
    实变内支气管充气征 61(43.57) 36(39.56) 25(51.02) 1.701 0.192
    索条 41(29.29) 30(32.97) 11(22.45) 1.701 0.192
    胸膜增厚 86(61.43) 49(53.85) 37(75.51) 6.309 0.012
    胸腔积液 45(32.14) 30(32.97) 15(30.61) 0.081 0.776
    注:GGO表示磨玻璃密度影。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5   感染新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株的合并基础病老年患者胸部CT病变肺叶评分(M(Q))

    Table  5   Chest computed tomography scores of diseased lung lobes in elderly patients with underlying diseases infected with the Omicron variant

    肺叶评分/分 临床分型 统计检验
    中型 重型/危重型 Z P
    总评分  8(5,11) 11.160±4.488* -3.562 0.001
    右肺上叶 1(1,2) 2(1,3) -2.180 0.029
    右肺中叶 1(1,2) 2(1,3) -2.241 0.025
    右肺下叶 2(1,3) 3(2,4) -3.199 0.001
    左肺上叶 1(1,2) 2(1,3) -2.663 0.008
    左肺下叶 1(1,2) 2(1,3) -3.404 0.001
    注:*重型/危重型总评分为正态分布资料,其余均为非正态分布资料。
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 期刊类型引用(1)

    1. 曹志明,杨丽云,康丽霞,刘艳芳,万小旭,马慧英. 呼和浩特地区老年新型冠状病毒奥密克戎毒株感染肺炎患者的临床特征及相关因素分析. 内蒙古医学杂志. 2025(03): 342-344 . 百度学术

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2024-03-06
  • 修回日期:  2024-04-21
  • 录用日期:  2024-04-22
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-05-20
  • 刊出日期:  2024-11-04

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