Quantitative Indexes and Clinical Studies of Lung HRCT in Patients with Anti-MDA5 Antibody-positive Iims with Different Prognoses and Clinical Studies
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摘要:
目的:比较分析不同预后的抗黑色素瘤分化相关基因5(MDA5)抗体阳性特发性炎性肌病(IIMs)患者的肺部HRCT定量指标与临床表现。方法:回顾性分析2017年2月至2022年11月首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院收治的19例MDA5抗体阳性IIMs患者的临床及影像学数据,将患者按预后不同分为预后良好组(14例)及预后不良(插管或死亡)组(5例),比较两组患者的临床及实验室指标、间质性肺病(ILD)类型及CT量化指标。结果:预后良好及不良组患者在性别、癌胚抗原、血氧饱和度、淋巴细胞百分比、单核细胞百分比、中性粒细胞百分比、淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞水平上差异具有统计学意义。预后不良组出现呼吸系统异常改变的比例更高。在ILD类型方面,预后不良组患者以急性间质性肺炎(AIP)样病变为主、预后良好组患者以非特异性间质性肺炎(NSIP)样病变为主,两组存在统计学差异。预后不良组半定量评分更高,全肺病灶体积更高且全肺病灶占比更高差异具有统计学意义。Spearman相关分析结果显示,血氧饱和度、单核细胞百分比与半定量评分、全肺病灶体积及全肺病灶占比呈负相关,癌胚抗原、中性粒细胞百分比、中性粒细胞与半定量评分、全肺病灶体积及全肺病灶占比呈正相关。结论:不同预后的MDA5抗体阳性IIMs患者的肺部HRCT定量指标、临床表现及实验室指标有差异,为临床诊疗提供了相应支持。
Abstract:Objective: To compare the quantitative parameters of lung HRCT and clinical manifestations of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody-positive idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) patients with different prognoses. Methods: The clinical and imaging data of 19 MDA5 antibody-positive IIM patients admitted to Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University between February 2017 and November 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the prognoses, the patients were divided into the good prognoses group (14 cases) and the poor prognoses (intubation or death) group (5 cases). The clinical and laboratory indexes, types of interstitial lung disease (ILD), and CT quantitative indexes were compared between the two groups. Results: There were significant differences in gender; carcinoembryonic antigen; blood oxygen saturation; and the percentages of lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and neutrophils between the good versus the poor prognoses groups. The proportion of abnormal respiratory system changes was higher in the poor prognoses group. In terms of the type of ILD, acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP)-like lesions were the main type in the poor prognoses group, and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (AIP) lesions were the main type in the good prognoses group. For NSIP-like lesions, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups. The semi-quantitative score of the poor prognoses group was higher, and the volume of whole lung lesions as well as the proportion of whole lung lesions were also higher. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the blood oxygen saturation, monocyte percentage, semi-quantitative score, whole lung lesion volume, and proportion of whole lung lesion were negatively correlated, while carcinoembryonic antigen, neutrophil percentage, and neutrophils were positively correlated with the semi-quantitative score, whole lung lesion volume, and proportion of whole lung lesion. Conclusions: The lung HRCT quantitative indicators, clinical manifestations, and laboratory indicators are different in MDA5 antibody-positive IIM patients with different prognoses. Early evaluation of HRCT imaging manifestations, clinical manifestations, and laboratory indicators is of great significance in determining the prognosis of MDA5 antibody-positive IIM patients, which provides corresponding support for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Keywords:
- HRCT /
- idiopathic inflammatory myopathies /
- IIMs /
- Anti-mda5 antibody /
- ILD
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表 1 抗黑色素瘤分化相关基因5抗体阳性患者的临床及实验室指标
Table 1 Clinical and laboratory parameters of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive patients
特征 组别 统计检验 总计(19例) 预后不良(5例) 预后良好(14例) 统计值 P 年龄/岁 54.0(45.0,66.0) 66.0(43.5,70.0) 52.0(45.0,59.8) -0.883 0.377 男性/例 7(36.8%) 4(80.0%) 3(21.4%) — 0.038* 皮肌炎/临床无肌病皮肌炎 8(42.1%)/11(57.9%) 4(80.0%)/1(20.0%) 4(28.6%)/10(71.4%) — 0.111 临床表现/例 呼吸系统异常 9(47.4%) 5(100.0%) 4(28.6%) — 0.011* 皮肤异常 16(84.2%) 4(80.0%) 12(85.7%) — >0.999 肌肉关节异常 11(57.9%) 3(60.0%) 8(57.1%) — >0.999 合并肿瘤/例 2(10.5%) 1(20.0%) 1(7.1%) — 0.468 实验室检查 癌胚抗原 3.73(2.37,12.16) 15.99(12.64,28.52) 3.18(1.76,4.40) -3.240 0.001* 甲胎蛋白 2.35(1.73,3.80) 2.08(1.65,3.11) 2.90(1.78,3.82) -0.833 0.405 CA199 9.22(3.48,16.52) 8.49(2.66,33.47) 9.38(3.90,15.42) -0.046 0.963 CA125 14.10(10.20,16.60) 11.90(9.85,46.80) 14.10(10.93,16.28) -0.046 0.963 血氧饱和度 96.00(91.00,99.00) 76.00(66.00,87.00) 97.00(95.75,99.00) -3.103 0.002* 淋巴细胞百分比 13.90(5.20,19.60) 3.70(2.70,4.80) 18.60(12.23,24.25) -3.240 0.001* 单核细胞百分比 5.70(3.80,8.10) 3.20(1.65,3.85) 6.70(5.16,8.35) -3.010 0.003* 中性粒细胞百分比 76.70(66.90,92.90) 93.40(93.05,93.45) 70.50(65.30,81.10) -3.242 0.001* 淋巴细胞 0.66(0.35,1.10) 0.30(0.25,0.61) 0.77(0.49,1.72) -2.134 0.033* 单核细胞 0.33(0.19,0.57) 0.24(0.185,0.41) 0.36(0.21,0.60) -1.208 0.227 中性粒细胞 4.92(3.28,7.43) 11.00(7.15,11.80) 4.10(2.82,5.60) -2.873 0.004* C反应蛋白
(mg/dL)8.56(2.69,21.55) 14.50(6.73,22.51) 8.09(2.39,21.91) -0.926 0.354 红细胞沉降率 26.00(16.00,41.00) 25.00(20.00,63.00) 28.50(15.00,44.00) -0.232 0.817 肌酸激酶 50.00(25.00,233.00) 50.00(39.50,507.50) 51.50(25.00,156.50) -0.934 0.350 自身免疫抗体阳性/例 抗Jo-1抗体 4(21.1%) 2(40.0%) 2(14.3%) — 0.272 抗Ro52抗体 16(84.2%) 4(80.0%) 12(85.7%) — >0.999 抗核抗体 2(10.5%) 0(0.0%) 2(14.3%) — >0.999 抗SSA抗体 2(10.5%) 0(0.0%) 2(14.3%) — >0.999 抗SSB抗体 1(5.3%) 0(0.0%) 1(7.1%) — >0.999 注:*为P<0.05。 表 2 5例预后不良患者的临床表现
Table 2 Five patients with poor prognoses among the patients with clinical manifestations
病例 临床表现 1 眶周、双肘部、双肩部红色皮疹,伴眶周水肿、瘙痒,双侧掌指关节伸侧、掌面部、腹部散在红色皮疹,发热、
喘憋、乏力2 双肘关节伸侧及左侧颈部散在红色皮疹、脱屑及陈旧性皮损,乏力,咳嗽、咳痰、胸闷、喘憋 3 手指侧缘、前胸后背、四肢、上眼睑散在斑片状皮疹,双侧腕关节、双手大拇指及食指肿胀,双侧踝关节肿痛,
发热、喘憋、声嘶4 主动脉夹层病史,术后好转;双手指背伸侧、双手肘部皮疹,发热、喘憋、耐力下降 5 腹膜恶性肿瘤病史;双侧掌指关节、指间关节晨僵,眼干、口干,发热、气短、咳嗽、咳痰 表 3 抗黑色素瘤分化相关基因5抗体阳性患者的ILD类型及量化指标
Table 3 Types of ILD and quantitative parameters of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive patients
特征 组别 统计检验 总计 预后不良 预后良好 统计值 P HRCT类型/例(%) — 0.007* UIP 样 1(5.6%) 0(0%) NSIP样 8(44.4%) 0(0%) 8(61.5%) OP样 4(22.2%) 1(20.0%) 3(23.1%) AIP样 5(27.8%) 4(80.0%) 1(7.7%) HRCT半定量评分 11(5.0,15.0) 19(14.0,19.5) 6.5(4.0,11.8) -2.881 0.004* 左肺上叶 1(1.0,3.0) 3(2.0,3.5) 1(0.8,2.0) -2.592 0.010 左肺下叶 3(1.0,4.0) 4(3.5,4.5) 2(1.0,3.3) -2.309 0.021 右肺上叶 1(0.0,3.0) 3(2.5,3.5) 1(0.0,1.0) -3.074 0.002 右肺中叶 2(1.0,3.0) 3(2.0,4.5) 1(0.0,2.0) -2.561 0.010 右肺下叶 3(2.0,4.0) 5(3.5,5.0) 2(1.8,3.0) -2.839 0.005 HRCT定量指标 全肺病灶体积 509.84(107.43,1135.97) 1328.78(963.75,1943.80) 144.69(92.81,592.37) -2.777 0.005 全肺病灶占比 0.16(0.04,0.40) 0.44(0.35,0.64) 0.052(0.021,0.22) -2.963 0.003 注:*为P<0.05。 表 4 抗黑色素瘤分化相关基因5抗体阳性患者的实验室及HRCT量化指标相关分析
Table 4 Correlation analysis of laboratory and HRCT quantitative indicators in anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive patients
CT定量指标/临床指标 半定量评分 全肺病灶体积 全肺病灶占比 R P R P R P 血氧饱和度 -0.522* 0.022 -0.447 0.055 -0.517* 0.023 癌胚抗原 0.511* 0.025 0.591* 0.008 0.572* 0.011 淋巴细胞百分比 -0.295 0.220 -0.316 0.188 -0.325 0.175 单核细胞百分比 -0.518* 0.023 -0.473* 0.041 -0.513* 0.025 中性粒细胞百分比 0.469* 0.043 0.486* 0.035 0.508* 0.026 淋巴细胞 0.113 0.645 0.024 0.923 0.009 0.972 单核细胞 0.068 0.782 0.055 0.824 -0.023 0.926 中性粒细胞 0.732* <0.001 0.694* 0.001 0.684* 0.001 注:*为P<0.05。 -
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