CT理论与应用研究

Imaging Features and Clinical Significance of the Segond Fracture

HE Weihong, FU Xi, FANG Tingsong, WANG Guining, WANG Juan

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.112

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Objective: To evaluate the imaging features of the Segond fracture and explore its clinical value in lateral instability of the knee joint. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 45 cases of the Segond fracture. This involved the analysis of the characteristics of the fracture, including the relationship between the fracture and the ligaments around the knee joint, meniscus injury, and the size and location of the fracture block. Moreover, the significance of the Segond fracture in clinical treatment was discussed. Results: Among 45 cases of the Segond fracture, 41 (91.11%) had anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, 31 (68.89%) had anterolateral ligament (ALL) injury, and 12 (26.67%) had iliotibial bundle (ITB) injury. The ALL were all attached to the fracture block, and 25 cases (55.55%) were attached to the ITB. The larger the size of the fracture block and the smaller the distance from the center of Gerdy's nodule, the more likely that the fracture block was attached to the ITB. Conclusion: The Segond fracture is often associated with ACL injury, involving the ALL and ITB. The larger the fracture block and the closer to the center of Gerdy's nodule, the greater the possibility of ITB involvement. Therefore, patients with Segond fractures should be alert to lateral instability of the knee joint.

The Diagnostic Value of Dual-source CT in Adult Atrial Septal Defect with Pulmonary Hypertension

ZHAO Haishan, WANG Cheng, HAN Shuguang, XU Tongtong, WU Xueqing, HU Chunfeng

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.199

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Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of dual-source CT (DSCT) in evaluating adults with atrial septal defect (ASD) with pulmonary hypertension (PAH). Methods: Seventy-five adult patients with ASD in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The study sample was divided into 2 groups (PAH group (n=40) and non-PAH group (n=35 cases)) according to the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) obtained by right cardiac catheterization (RHC) (PAH: ≥ 25 mmHg). All patients were examined for congenital heart disease by DSCT one week before RHC. The ascending aorta diameter (AAD), main pulmonary artery diameter (MPAD), right pulmonary artery diameter (RPAD), left pulmonary artery diameter (LPAD), right lower pulmonary artery diameter (RLPAD), the maximum diameter of the short axis of both the ventricles (RVD, LVD), included the angle of the spinal ventricular septum and ASD diameter, were measured on the image. The MPAD to AAD ratio (rPA) and the RVD to LVD ratio (RVD/LVD) were calculated. Differences between the two groups in terms of clinical data, RHC indexes, and CT cardiovascular parameters were evaluated by a t-test. The ROC curve was used to determine the diagnostic efficacy of DSCT in adults with ASD and PAH. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the association between the CT parameters, mPAP, and PVR. Results: The statistically significant CT indexes between the two groups were MPAD, RPAD, LPAD, RLPAD, RVD including the angle of the spinal ventricular septum, rPA, RVD/LVD, and ASD diameter. Of these, the RPAD and LPAD including the angle of the spinal ventricular septum, rPA, RVD/LVD, and ASD diameter demonstrated moderate diagnostic efficacy for PAH (AUC>0.7). The MPAD, rPA, and ASD diameter with mPAP were moderately positively correlated. The MPAD, rPA, and RVD/LVD with PVR were also mildly positively correlated. Furthermore, the ASD diameter and PVR were highly positively correlated. Conclusion: DSCT is diagnostically valuable for the evaluation of adults with ASD complicated with PAH. In particular, DSCT may be used to provide a comprehensive evaluation before clinical treatment, as well as for long-term follow-up and management.

Seismic Data Reconstruction Based on the POCS Method in the Curvelet Domain with Prior Information

GUO Yundong

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.078

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Due to limited acquisition conditions in the field, the seismic data is usually incomplete, which affects the following seismic data processing and seismic interpretation. To solve this problem, the seismic data needs reconstruction. The projection Onto Convex Sets (POCS) method utilizes the sparse characteristics of seismic waveforms in the Curvet domain to reconstruct high signal-to-noise ratio seismic data. This iterative algorithm is stable and has a fast convergence speed. However, during the recovery of seismic data, because the influence of direct waves and the blank area in the upper part of the shot gathers as the iteration progresses, the noise interference in the reconstructed data becomes increasingly severe, resulting in a low signal-to-noise ratio of the final recovered seismic data. Based on the implementation of the POCS iterative threshold algorithm, this article introduces the idea of Prior information constraints to optimize the original algorithm. By first performing coordinate mapping for shot gathers interpolation and then using it as a prior information constraint for interpolation, the impact of noise attenuation is dramatic. Finally, the synthesized seismic shot records were tested with actual shot gathers, and the results illustrated that the new method proposed in this paper can significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of reconstructed seismic data and enhance the continuity of seismic wave field events.

Clinical Value of Spectral Imaging Combined with MAR for CTA after Embolization of Intracranial Aneurysms

YAN Qinwen, WANG Yuxiang, ZHANG Jun, HE Lan, HU Gang, XIONG Minchao, QIN Junxiang, YUAN Xuegang

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.035

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Objective: To evaluate the application value of combining spectral imaging and metal artifact reduction (MAR) in head and neck CTA after the embolization of intracranial aneurysms. Methods: We collected 37 patients who experienced embolization of intracranial aneurysms then received spectral imaging of head and neck CTA. Monochromatic images with energy ranging from 70～140 keV, 120kVp-like mixed energic images, 70～140 keV MAR images, and 120 kVp-like MAR images were generated. The region of interest was placed on the area near the coil and with the most serious metal artifact. CT attenuation and standard deviation were measured, and artifact index (AI) and signal-noise ratio (SNR) were calculated. Two radiologists independently subjectively evaluated the metal artifact and the display of surrounding vessels using Likert 5 scales. The subjective scores and objective parameters between MAR and non-MAR images were compared. The Wilcoxon ranking test, paired sample t test, and independent sample t test were utilized to compare parameters between the groups. Results: MAR images had significantly lower AI than did non-MAR images for all eight monochromatic energies. When energies ranged from 80–110 keV, SNR was higher for MAR images than for non-MAR images, and the difference was statistically significant. With same energies, MAR images had higher artifact and vessel display scores than did non-MAR images. For non-MAR images, the different coil diameters did not make a statistical difference in AI and vessel display scores. For MAR images, a larger coil diameter (>8.79 mm) led to higher AI and lower vessel display scores than did normal diameters (≤8.79 mm). Conclusion: The combination of spectral imaging and MAR could effectively reduce the metal artifact of implants for the embolization of intracranial aneurysms and improve the surrounding vessel display. Moreover, the metal artifact reduction effect was more significant for the coils with smaller diameters.

CT Findings and Preliminary Exploration of Pathological Analysis of Bronchiolar Adenoma

PAN Xiaohuan, HE Ping, CHEN Huai

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.247

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Objective: To summarize and analyze the clinical data, CT signs, and pathological features of bronchiolar adenoma, and to discuss the diagnostic value of bronchiolar adenoma. Methods: In total, 18 cases of pulmonary nodules diagnosed as bronchiolar adenoma via postoperative pathology from January 2020 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected, and the clinical data, chest CT signs, and postoperative pathological features of pulmonary nodules were analyzed. Results: Among the 18 cases, 16 had no clinical chest symptoms, and 2 had chest pain. The patients were 18～65 years old. The mean age was 51.8 years, and the median age (25％～75％ quantile) was 52 (49～59) years; 7 patients were male (39％), and 11 were females (61％). The average maximum slice diameter of bronchiolar adenoma was 11.1 mm, and the median diameter (25％～75％ quantile) was 8 (6～15) mm. There were 15 cases with lesion distance ≤10 mm from the pleura. CT showed that 8 cases were pure ground-glass nodules (pGGN), 7 cases were part-solid nodules (PSN), and 3 cases had simple cystic space. The mean CT value of bronchiolar adenomas presenting with pGGN was −690.7 HU. The median mean CT value (25％～75％ quantiles) was −717.5 (−722～ −681) HU. A spicule sign at the nodular margin was found in 6 of the 18 cases. Pleural traction around nodules was found in 7 cases, and bronchiectasis occurred in nodules in 5 cases. The postoperative gross pathological diameter of 18 nodules was 9.1 mm, and the median diameter (25％～75％ quantile) was 7 (6～9) mm. Pathological immunohistochemical antibody CK7 was positive in 18 cases; p40, p63, CK5/6, and TTF-1 were positive in 16 cases. Conclusions: Bronchiolar adenoma often occurs in middle-aged and older women. Preoperative CT diagnosis of subpleural nodules around 10 mm could indicate the disease, and immunohistochemical antibody CK7, p40, and other indicators are qualitative methods for diagnosing bronchiolar adenoma.

Clinical and MRI Characteristics of 56 Patients with Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

WU Qian, HE Wenjie, ZHANG Xiejun, XIA Jun

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.095

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Objective: To analyze and summarize the clinical and MRI manifestations of patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) diagnosed via surgery in order to improve the understanding of this disease. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical and preoperative MR (including 3D T1WI, T2 WI, and T2 FLAIR) data of 56 patients with iNPH diagnosed via shunt surgery at our hospital to evaluate and describe MR linear parameters and common radiological features. Results: Among the 56 patients with iNPH, 91.1%, 60.7%, and 42.9% showed gait disturbance, cognitive impairment, and urinary disturbance, respectively; the classical triad accounted for 23.2%. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (51.8%), diabetes (28.6%), and PD (12.5%). In the analysis of the 56 patients’ MR images, 82.1% had acute callosal angle and 39.3%, positive disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space signs (DESH), with a mean DESH score of 5.24±1.27. Conclusion: Patients with confirmed iNPH most often also have hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and PD. The classical triad is less frequent, and the positive rate of typical MR signs is not high. Thus, the accurate diagnosis and prognosis prediction of negative patients remains challenging and should be combined with other clinical examinations to clarify the diagnosis and treatment.

Seismic Facies Analysis Based on Spectral Clustering with Waveform Characteristic Vector

QIN Dewen, ZHANG Yan, YU Jie

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.124

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Based on the principle of seismic sedimentology, the feature vectors of seismic waveforms are extracted along stratum slices, and spectral clustering analysis is introduced to classify seismic facies. Spectral clustering is an unsupervised machine learning algorithm. Its essence is to simplify the expression of high-dimensional seismic data in the form of feature vectors, which belongs to the process of dimensionality reduction. Considering the traces with specific time windows in the seismic work area as nodes of the graph and the similarity between traces as the weight of the edges, a graph model can be constructed. Spectral clustering must determine the best segmentation method to complete the segmentation of the graph, so that different types of sedimentary characteristics can be distinguished. Physical model and actual data processing and analysis demonstrate that this method is capable of dividing sedimentary facies characteristics and is a new kind of facies analysis tool for reservoir classification, which has good application prospects.

Spectral Computed Tomography for the Diagnosis of Secondary Skeletal Muscle Follicular Lymphoma: A Case Analysis

XU Haiyun, YANG Shuohui

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.022

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Follicular lymphoma (FL) is one of the frequent varieties of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Secondary skeletal muscle FL is an uncommon extra-nodal lymphoma that is more challenging to identify. Spectral CT imaging can aid in the diagnosis of it. A 52-year-old man who had a bulge in his left inguinal area for two months in 2021. Following a mass aspiration biopsy, cervical lymph node dissection and a bone marrow aspiration biopsy, the patient was diagnosed as follicular lymphoma grade I with bone marrow involvement. Later, the patient had progressive worsening of low back pain for 2 month and underwent a lumbar spectral enhanced-CT scan, which demonstrated the right psoas major muscle and the retroperitoneal swollen lymph nodes were discovered to be homologous lesions, indicating the lymphoma infiltration of the right psoas major muscle. Spectral enhanced-CT is a non-invasive, practical, and reliable alternative technique. By reconstructing and comparing the energy spectrum curves of different tissues to shed light on the nature of the mass, it can aid in the diagnosis of extra-nodal lymphoma, which is of great value in determining the extent of the lesion and guiding the clinical treatment plan.

Diagnosis of Primary Acinic Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Using CT: A Case Analysis

WANG Qiong, PENG Di, CHENG Shaolei, HUANG Zhihua, HU Xingrong

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.072

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Acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) is a malignant epithelial salivary gland neoplasm that most frequently occurs in the salivary glands. However, primary ACC of the lung is extremely rare. Due to its low incidence and the lack of related literature, clinicians lack relevant knowledge. It is prone to misdiagnosis, which delays the treatment of patients. Thus, we report a case of primary ACC of the lung confirmed via surgery and pathology, together with a review of relevant literature, in order to summarize the CT imaging manifestations and the value of CT in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. The aim of this case report was to improve the understanding of primary ACC of the lung and to improve the diagnostic abilities.

Spectral filtration Sn 150 kV Combined with Advanced Simulated Iterative Reconstruction in Lumbar Computed Tomography Examination

JIANG Dong, QIN Lixin

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.240

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Objective: To study the feasibility of energy spectrum purification Sn 150kV combined with Advanced Simulated Iterative Reconstruction (ADMIRE) in computed tomography (CT) examination of the lumbar spine. Methods: A total of 88 patients aged 25_-65 years with body mass indexes (BMI) between 18.5～25kg/m² were randomly divided into a control group (group A) and an experimental group (group B), with 44 cases in each group. The conventional tube voltage, used for the control group, was 120kV, while the experimental tube voltage was Sn 150kV. All other imaging parameters were consistent. After the inspection, the image quality and radiation dose of the two groups were compared. Results: The objective evaluation of noise in group A and group B were statistically different, with the noise of group A higher than that of group B. The ICC of the three diagnosticians in the subjective evaluation was 0.769, indicating a good consistency of evaluation. The radiation dose of group B was 30.31% lower than that of group A. Conclusion: The combination of energy spectrum purification Sn 150kV and ADMIRE can not only effectively reduce the radiation dose, but can also guarantee a high-quality image, which can be widely used in adult lumbar CT.

CT and MRI Diagnosis of Intracranial Solitary Fibrous Tumor: A Clinical Case Analysis

YAN Xin, ZHAO Jianhua

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.126

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Intracranial solitary fibroma (ISFT) is a kind of mesenchymal tissue-derived spindle cell tumor. Patients’ disease progression vary according to the course and location of the tumor. Due to its rarity, radiologists and clinicians lack a comprehensive understanding of ISFT. Hence, the preoperative misdiagnosis rate is high. This case report describes a 52-year-old male patient with intracranial solitary fibroma who presented with headache and weakness of both lower extremities. He underwent radiological examination, including CT and MRI, and was diagnosed with acoustic neuroma. After postoperative pathological tissue biopsy, he was diagnosed with ISFT. He was reviewed one and a half years after surgery; there was no significant discomfort in addition to the paralysis of the left facial nerve and swelling of the left side of the face. This case report retrospectively analyzes the radiological scans and the clinical data of the patient to summarize the key CT and MRI features of ISFT, improving the accuracy of the preoperative diagnosis of this rare disease, and contributing to current knowledge of the precise treatment of ISFT.

Research Progress of X-Ray Diffraction Technology in Security Inspection

HUANG Qingping, JIN Xin, XU Xiaofei, ZHU Guoxi, ZHANG Li

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.158

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The frequent occurrence of terrorist incidents has seriously affected the security and order of the international community, bringing unprecedented challenges to the safety of passenger and freight transportation. Effectively combating terrorist activities and ensuring personal and property safety are important demands in the field of public security both domestically and globally. Therefore, how to enhance security inspection capabilities through high-tech means has become an important issue and research hotspot of concern. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technology can identify prohibited substances at the molecular level, with high discrimination, and has broad application prospects in the field of safety inspection. Starting from the basic theory of diffraction, this article briefly describes the current research progress in the structure and recognition algorithms of XRD systems, as well as the advantages of XRD technology. An XRD system was built to verify its effectiveness. Finally, the development direction of XRD was prospected, with the aim of further promoting this technology to play a more important role in the field of public safety.

Study on Forward Numerical Simulation and Instantaneous Seismic Attributes of Natural Gas Hydrate in Permafrost Area

YANG Wenhai, ZHANG Guangdong, TAN Zhi, JIN Cong

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.111

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Natural gas hydrate is a new energy source with great potential. Studying the seismic response characteristics of natural gas hydrate in permafrost area is crucial to the exploration and development of natural gas hydrate in China's land area. Based on the Kelvin viscoelastic media model, our work establishes a theoretical geological-geophysical model based on the actual geological and stratigraphic conditions of the Qilian Mountain permafrost, uses the staggered-grid finite difference method to perform forward numerical simulation, and performs wave field characteristic analysis and instantaneous seismic attribute extraction of self-excitation and self-receiving seismic records. The results show that the reflected amplitude energy is weaker when the seismic wave passes through the gas hydrate formation. In the range where the instantaneous frequency attribute profile can distinguish the layer thickness, the instantaneous frequency decreases marginally with the increase of the layer thickness. When seismic waves pass through natural gas-bearing formations, the reflected waves show strong reflection characteristics, and the instantaneous frequency energy increases. The instantaneous seismic attribute has better resolution for the wave-impedance interface, especially the instantaneous phase attribute profile. Therefore, the comprehensive analysis of the instantaneous attribute characteristics can provide a basis for the identification and prediction of terrestrial gas hydrates.

Quantitative CT Study of Bone Mineral Density for Adults Residents in Foshan

WU Weizhi, FANG Tingsong, LIANG Zhenhua, ZHU Cuiling, ZHOU Jingyi

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.098

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Objective: To study the relation between adult vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) and gender and age in Foshan, to explore the average BMD of each age group and osteoporosis (OP) incidence distribution in the region. Methods: Quantitative CT (QCT) was used to examine and record the vertebral BMD of 1065 (male 648, female 417) healthy adults who underwent physical examination in Foshan Hospital of TCM from October 2021 to March 2023, and grouped according to age, T test and variance analysis were used on BMD in different sex and age group. Chi square analysis and correlation analysis were used on the incidence of OP in different sex and age group. Results: There was significant difference in the BMD between male and female of 20～29, 30～39, 40～49 and 60～69, 70～79 years old (P<0.05), women had higher peak BMD than man in young to middle age. In the male groups of 40～49、50～59, 60～69, 70～79 and female groups of 30～39, 40～49, 50～59, 60～69 years old, there were also significant differences in BMD in different age groups of the same sex, and decreased with age. There was significant difference in the incidence of OP between different age groups (P<0.05) in the male and female groups. Age was positively related to the incidence of OP (r=0.517 for male and r=0.636 for female). Conclusion: The vertebral BMD derived from QCT for healthy adults in Foshan are associated with sex and age, peaked at 20～29 years old, and decreased with age. The incidence of OP for male and female increased with age from 40～49 years old.

Research Progress in Imaging Radiomics Based on Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance in Ischemic Stroke

WANG Shan, ZHAO Jianhua

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.080

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Ischemic stroke, also known as cerebral infarction, is a disorder impacting the blood supply to the brain tissue due to complex reasons, resulting in irreversible damage to the infarct site. According to China's sixth census, approximately 1.94 million individuals died of a stroke in 2018. With the increasing age of the Chinese population, stroke is expected to continue affecting human health in the coming decade. Imaging examination is an indispensable means to diagnose the disease and evaluate its prognosis. In recent years, artificial intelligence and radiomics have been widely used in the medical industry, among which convolutional neural network is more prevalent. Mainly, it has shown obvious superiority in the imaging diagnosis of ischemic stroke, and its efficiency is far higher than manual film reading. This article reviews the research progress of imaging omics based on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance in ischemic stroke.

Rock Physics Modeling and Fracture Prediction of Double Porosity Media in the Hutubi Area

QIN Liming, CHENG Zhiguo, ZHENG Wei, CHEN Yong, SU Yanli, SHEN Jianwen, SONG Jianguo

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.117

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The deep target strata K1q, J3k and J2t in the Hutubi area have large-scale reservoirs and abundant oil and gas resources, but the traditional rock physics modeling of porous media cannot effectively distinguish oil and gas desserts from mudstones. Based on the systematic analysis of the logging curve characteristics of the target section, the shear wave velocity is corrected by the differential equivalent medium rock physics model, and the VPVSC and PIMP curves are restored by the Gassman equation fluid replacement, which highlights the sweet spot reservoir and mudstone discrimination. The linear sliding theory is introduced to establish the rock physics model of fractured reservoirs in dual-porosity media. The differential equivalent medium rock physics model for primary pores and the linear sliding model for anisotropic secondary fractures are organically integrated to realize the anisotropic medium rock physics modeling of the pore-fracture reservoir in the Hu 1-Hu 6 well area, and the rock physics plate is constructed. Combined with the anisotropic inversion of pre-stack OVT domain seismic data, the dominant reservoirs are effectively predicted. This paper has formed a complete set of deep fracture prediction method and technical processes, that provide a reference for the exploration and development of deep targets in similar exploration areas.

Applications of Industrial Computed Tomography Technology in the Geosciences

TANG Ge, ZHAO Xinyu, WANG Yuxiang, FENG Peng, WEI Biao

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.091

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As an important branch of Computed Tomography (CT), industrial CT is used widely in many fields, such as aerospace, military industry, and geological analysis fields, because of its advantages of high resolution, repeatability, and wide detection range. On the basis of thorough investigation and study, this paper summarizes three typical industrial CT technologies (i.e., seismic wave CT, resistivity CT, and electromagnetic wave CT) as well as the comprehensive geophysical exploration methods used in the geosciences. The current applications of industrial CT in pore structure studies, gas hydrate studies, digital core construction, and geological utilization and storage of carbon dioxide are introduced. The development trend of industrial CT in the geosciences is also discussed.

The Research Value of Biphasic Registration Quantitative CT Emphysema Index in the Evaluation of Mild to Moderate COPD

WANG Xionghui, PAN Juan, NIU Yuan, SHEN Min, YIN Weiling, LI Jianlong, HUANG Xiaoqi, GUO Youmin

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.189

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Objective: To find the optimal quantitative index of emphysema by comparing and analyzing the quantitative indexes of emphysema in patients with mild to moderate chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD) via registered biphasic quantitative CT. Methods: We retrospectively collected 55 healthy controls, 21 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (GOLD) 1 case, and 31 GOLD 2 cases in our hospital. We imported the CT raw DICOM data into the "Digital Lung" analysis platform and measured the LAA_-950% at the end of deep inspiration and the LAA_-910% at the end of deep expiration. The expiratory and inspiratory CT images were registered. Then, the percentage of emphysema area (PRM^Emph%), the percentage of functional small airway disease area (PRM^fSAD%), and the percentage of the normal area (PRM^Normal%) were calculated according to the threshold method. Pulmonary function indicators included FVC, FEV₁%, and FEV₁/FVC. Differences in general data, CT quantitative indexes, and pulmonary function between groups were assessed using the independent sample t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, or chi-square test, and the correlation was analyzed using Spearman correlation. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the diagnostic performance of CT quantitative parameters for emphysema in patients with mild to moderate COPD. Results: There were significant differences in sex, smoking index, FEV₁%, FEV₁/FVC, inspiratory phase LAA%_-950, expiratory phase LAA%_-910, PRM^Emph%, PRM^fSAD%, and PRM^Normal% between the COPD1/2 and normal control groups. The inspiratory phase LAA%_-950 was negatively correlated with FEV₁/FVC, the expiratory phase LAA%_-910 and PRM^Emph% were negatively correlated with FVC, FEV₁%, and FEV₁/FVC. ROC curve analysis results showed that the areas under the curve of inspiration phase LAA%_-950, expiratory phase LAA%_-910, and PRM^Emph% were 0.742, 0.861, and 0.876, respectively. Among them, the area under the curve of the PRM^Emph% index was the largest, with a corresponding critical value of 9.84%, a sensitivity of 76.90%, and a specificity of 94.50%. Conclusion: Quantitative CT emphysema index LAA%_-950 in the inspiratory phase, LAA%_-910 in the expiratory phase, and PRM^Emph% in biphasic can objectively evaluate emphysema in patients with mild to moderate COPD, among which PRM^Emph% is the best evaluation index.

Systematic Evaluation of the Diagnostic Value of Computed Tomography-guided Puncture Biopsy Combined with Rapid On-site Evaluation for Pulmonary Lesions

ZHANG Zhongbao, LI Yuan, ZHANG Kai, ZHANG Xiaoqin

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.087

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Background: To investigate the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT)-guided aspiration biopsy combined with rapid field evaluation for pulmonary lesions. Methods: The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched systematically for studies related to the diagnosis of lung lesions by CT-guided puncture biopsy combined with a rapid on-site indexed through October 2022. The updated Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool was applied as the main method to assess the risk of bias and applicability of the studies. Meta-analysis software was used to perform heterogeneity tests on the data. Based on the heterogeneity results, the appropriate effect model was selected to calculate the overall sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and to plot the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve, forest plot, and funnel plot. The results of the analysis of six studies (n=951) using a random-effects model showed pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals of 94%, 95%, and 159.05, respectively, with an SROC AUC of 0.98. Further analysis of the four studies that established control groups showed that the sampling adequacy and diagnostic accuracy in the ROSE group were 12% and 13% higher than those in the non-ROSE group. In conclusion, CT-guided puncture biopsy combined with rapid on-site evaluation is a practical and feasible method for diagnosing pulmonary lesions and can be used as an important clinical diagnostic method.

Atypical Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Posterior Inferior Mediastinal Bronchogenic Cysts: A Clinical Case Analysis

WANG Wei, CHEN Jianghong, YANG Zhenghan, JIN Erhu

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.074

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Mediastinal bronchial cysts (MBCs) are congenital bronchial cysts (CBCs) that mostly occur in the middle and upper mediastinum and rarely in the posterior inferior mediastinum. A case of posterior MBC was reported in a 19-year-old male patient with mediastinal space occupancy on physical examination. Computed tomography (CT) showed an irregular mass near the spine of the posterior inferior mediastinum, which was of mixed density, with nodular calcification at the edge and inside, and no enhancement. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed heterogeneous hyperintensity on T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) and hyperintensity on T2WI, which were internal to the cord like appearance and showed septation-like hypointensity, mild enhancement of the lesion edge, and septation in the delayed phase after enhancement. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was bronchogenic cyst. In this report retrospectively reviewed the CT and MRI imaging features of this case, as well as those described in the domestic and foreign literature to summarize the imaging findings of atypical bronchocysts in the posterior lower mediastinum to improve the understanding of this disease.

Application Value of Normalized Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and Prostate-specific Antigen Density for Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System Category 3 Lesions in the Prostate-specific Antigen Gray Zone

ZHANG Subo, ZHAO Yan, LIU Jingfang, YANG Fumeng, HUO Leiming

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.069

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Objective: To investigate the application value of normalized apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) in category 3 Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) version 2.1 lesions when the serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level is in the grey zone of 4～10ng/mL. Methods: From January 2018 to June 2022, 58 patients with PI-RADS v2.1 scores of 3 and PSA values of 4.0–10.0 ng/mL were selected. According to the pathological results, the patients were divided into the PCa (20 cases) and non-PCa (38 cases) groups. The clinical data of the patients were collected, including age, PSA, prostate volume (PV), and PSAD (PSA/V) calculated by formula. Meanwhile, the ADC values of the lesion area and the normal tissue in the peripheral zone were measured on the ADC image, and the standardized apparent diffusion coefficient value was calculated, namely ADCn (ADC lesion/ADC peripheral zone). Statistical software was used to determine the statistical significance of the differences of ADCn and PSAD between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare the diagnostic efficacy of the two for PCa in lesions with PI-RADS v2.1 score of 3. Results: Age and PSA did not differ significantly between the two groups. Compared to the non-PCa group, the PCa group showed lower ADCn (0.52 vs. 0.69) and higher PSAD (0.28 vs. 0.18). The area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of ADCn and PSAD in the diagnosis of PCa were 0.849, 85.2%, and 81.6 % and 0.813, 85.0%, and 78.4%, respectively. For an optimal diagnostic threshold of 0.373, the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of PCa were 0.962, 90.0%, and 89.5%, respectively. Conclusions: ADCn and PSAD can assist in PCa detection in lesions category 3 PI-RADS v2.1 lesions in the PSA gray area. The combination of ADCn and PSAD can significantly improve the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.

Diagnosis of Acute Active Gastrointestinal Bleeding by Multi-phase Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography: A Clinical Case Analysis

DING Ling, ZHANG Yuzhong, E Linning

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.065

Abstract(58) HTML PDF(6)

Abstract:
Acute gastrointestinal bleeding (AGIB) is a common and serious condition that requires prompt diagnosis and effective treatment. Multi-phase contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) can rapidly identify the location and cause of active gastrointestinal bleeding, providing crucial information for subsequent treatment decisions, and has become a potential first-line tool for evaluating AGIB. In this report, we describe four cases of AGIB with clinical presentations of hematemesis and melena, accompanied by symptoms such as post-exertional palpitations, weakness, hypotension, confusion, and coma. Some patients also had abdominal distension, pain, dizziness, and chest tightness. The laboratory results showed anemia and positive fecal occult blood tests. Multi-phase contrast-enhanced CT allowed for the accurate localization of the active bleeding sites in the digestive tract. Among the four patients, two showed significant symptom improvement after treatment, one was transferred to a higher-level hospital due to critical illness and died from multiple organ failure, and one patient died from hemorrhagic shock due to lymphoma and multiple organ failure. This article discusses the value of multi-phase contrast-enhanced CT for the clinical diagnosis of AGIB and provides a literature review to summarize the imaging characteristics of AGIB on multi-phase contrast-enhanced CT to provide reliable evidence for the timely diagnosis of AGIB.

Computed Tomography Diagnosis of a Giant Ganglioneuroma of the Mediastinum

GAO Jun, ZHANG Hu, ZHAO Jian, XU Jiajun

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.019

Abstract(45) HTML PDF(8)

Abstract:
Ganglioneuroma (GN) is an extremely rare (1/100000), slow-growing benign tumor. Preoperative diagnosis depends on imaging examination but is sometimes difficult. Computed tomography (CT) has high clinical prevalence and is widely used in the detection and diagnosis of mediastinal diseases. This report summarizes and analyzes the CT manifestations of a case of giant GN of the mediastinum in our hospital, and reviews the relevant literature to improve the CT diagnostic level.

Review of Research on Filtering-based Methods for Seismic Scattered Wave Separation

YE Junlin, LI Guihua, DING Renwei, ZHAO Lihong, ZHAO Shuo, SUN Shimin

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.085

Abstract(61) HTML PDF(17)

Abstract:
In seismic exploration, complex seismic wave fields comprising reflected waves, scattered waves, and other phenomena are formed due to the intricate nature of underground structures. Traditional imaging methods typically focus solely on the reflected wave field, disregarding the scattered wave field. This limitation hampers accurate imaging of small-scale structures and impedes the identification of complex structures. To address this challenge and achieve precise imaging of small-scale structures, it is crucial to separate from the scattered waves from the seismic wave field. Among the various wave field separation algorithms, filtering-based methods have shown promising results in accurately extracting scattered waves and enhancing imaging resolution. This study explores and summarizes different methods for seismic scattered wave separation based on filtering techniques. By reviewing the research findings of both domestic and international scholars in the field of filtering-based scattered wave separation, the study provides an overview of the progress made and compares and analyzes the separation effects of each method. Additionally, considering the advancements in deep learning within the realm of artificial intelligence, the future development direction of filtering-based scattered wave separation is also envisioned.

Research Advancements in Surface Wave Exploration

CHEN Xuanning, HAN Fuxing, GAO Zhenghui, SUN Zhangqing

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.089

Abstract(97) HTML PDF(22)

Abstract:
Surface wave exploration plays a vital role in obtaining target detection information by analyzing and retrieving the dispersion curve of surface waves. Although surface wave exploration technology originated in the 1960s, it has experienced significant advancements in recent decades and has found widespread applications in earthquake disaster and volcanic activity prediction, deep geological structure analysis, engineering construction, mining area and goaf assessment, subsidence area detection, and near-surface structure investigation, including celestial bodies such as stars. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of surface wave exploration technology. It begins by discussing two types of data sources, namely active source and passive source, and proceeds to review the fundamental theory of surface wave exploration based on dispersion curve analysis and observations of horizontal and vertical amplitude ratios. This paper also provides a brief introduction to the surface wave inversion method. Additionally, it highlights the various application domains of surface wave exploration, outlines the current development trend, and presents future prospects for this technology.

Advances in the Use of CMR in Subclinical Diabetic Cardiomyopathy

LI Guorong, SUN Yang, ZHANG Tingting

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.255

Abstract(51) HTML PDF(4)

Abstract:
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) presents as myocardial fibrosis, left ventricular hypertrophy, and myocardial diastolic abnormalities. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) technology can quickly and accurately determine the myocardial structure and cardiac function of diabetic patients and plays a crucial role in the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of subclinical DCM. Evaluation of subclinical DCM using CMR technology primarily involves cardiac magnetic resonance-feature tracking (CMR-FT), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), T1 mapping technology, and magnetic resonance myocardial perfusion imaging. This paper reviews the research progress of CMR technology in the diagnosis of subclinical diabetic cardiomyopathy.

The Feasibility of Texture-based Quantification for Evaluating Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis from Conventional T2-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging

WANG Fengxian, WANG Shoufeng, CHANG Ying, ZHOU Jin, CHEN Jing, ZHOU Zhengyang, WANG Dongmei

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.225

Abstract(60) HTML PDF(1)

Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the utility of texture data based on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in determining intervertebral disc degeneration in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Materials and Methods: From October 2016 and March 2020, 122 patients with AIS and 40 volunteers who underwent 3.0T MRI were prospectively included. The following MRI texture data were generated: (1) mean, (2) standard deviation, (3) max, (4) min, (5) the fifth, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles; (6) skewness; (7) kurtosis; and (8) entropy. The Pfirrmann system was used to evaluate the intervertebral discs of all participants. Patients with Pm I were divided into groups 1 and 2. Volunteers were classified into 0. Differences and correlations between the groups were analyzed. Results: The mean, standard deviation, max, entropy and the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles in group 2 were significantly lower than those in group 1 and group 0; the min in group 2 was significantly lower than in group 0; the skewness in group 2 was significantly higher than in group 1 and group 0; the kurtosis in group 2 was significantly lower than in group 1; the skewness in group 1 was significantly higher than in group 0 and the standard deviation, min, kurtosis and 5th, 10th, 25th, and 50th percentiles in group 1 were significantly lower than those in group 0. Conclusion: Texture analysis can be used to assess early degenerative changes in the intervertebral discs of patients with AIS.

Prediction of WHO/ISUP Grading of Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma by Quantitative Parameters of CT Enhancement Scanning

ZHANG Xiaojin, ZHAI Jian, ZHANG Hu, XIE Min, WU Shujian, GUO Yong

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.253

Abstract(133) HTML PDF(10)

Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the potential of CT-enhanced quantitative parameters for preoperative prediction of WHO/ISUP grading for renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Methods: The study involved collecting clinical and CT-enhanced data of 98 patients with ccRCC, who were then classified into low level group (76 cases) and high level group (22 cases) based on the WHO/ISUP classification. Differences in CT-enhanced quantitative parameters between the two groups were compared, and the diagnostic efficacy of each parameter for predicting ccRCC WHO/ISUP grading was evaluated. External verification was conducted to identify CT-enhanced quantitative parameters with the best generalization ability. Results: There were significant differences in the CT value, net increment, and enhancement rate in both cortical and substantive phases between the two groups. The AUC values were 0.834, 0.871, 0.900, 0.707, 0.678, and 0.762, respectively. The cut-off values were 123.5 HU, 71 HU, 0.73, 87.5 HU, 54 HU, 0.67, respectively. The diagnostic efficacy of cortical enhancement rate was the highest with an AUC of 0.900, a sensitivity of 0.842, and a specificity of 0.864. The external validation results revealed that the diagnostic efficacy of cortical phase enhancement rate (AUC=0.867) was better than that of cortical phase CT (AUC=0.735) and cortical phase net increment (AUC=0.709). The Z values were 2.134 and 2.417, respectively. Conclusion: The quantitative parameters of CT enhancement can be used to predict ccRCC WHO/ISUP grading. Cortical phase enhancement rate is the parameter with the highest diagnostic efficiency and the best generalization ability.

Advances in the Preoperative Prediction of the Spread of Lung Adenocarcinoma Through Air Spaces Using CT Features

BA Wenjuan, ZHU Yanlin, WEI Mei, YIN Ke

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.236

Abstract(173) HTML PDF(13)

Abstract:
The spread through air spaces (STAS) is one of the aggressive behaviors of lung adenocarcinoma. It is a risk factor for recurrence and an indicator of poor prognosis after sublobectomy. The association between computed tomography (CT)-based features and STAS can predict the STAS status of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, and thus, assist in the clinical selection of the appropriate type of surgery. This article reviewed the aggressiveness of STAS in lung adenocarcinoma and the current research on the preoperative CT prediction of STAS, as well as related new techniques.

Research Progress of High-resolution Magnetic Resonance Vessel Wall Imaging in the Identification of Intracranial Arterial Stenosis Etiology

LIN Xiaoyi, JIANG Ningping

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.215

Abstract(165) HTML PDF(8)

Abstract:
Ischemic stroke caused by intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS) is characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Conventional clinical examination methods include transcranial Doppler ultrasound, CT angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, and X-ray digital subtraction angiography. These methods are aimed at vascular stenosis and do not show vascular wall lesions. High-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) is a new imaging method that can non-invasively display vascular wall lesions and has important value in judging the nature of ICAS lesions. In this paper, the application of HR-VWI in the identification of ICAS etiology is reviewed.

Rapid and Continuous Detection Method for Soil-compaction Degrees of Fill Foundation Based on Multichannel Transient Rayleigh Wave Detecting

WU Chuanyang

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.243

Abstract(139) HTML PDF(10)

Abstract:
To address the large treatment area and tight construction period of large-scale engineering site filling foundations and to ensure the quality and progress of the project, understanding the foundation-reinforcement treatment quickly and accurately is essential. Additionally, to ensure the safety and stability of projects, large-scale projects often have higher requirements for the uniformity of the foundation-soil reinforcement effect. The quality-evaluation indices of foundation-soil compaction and reinforcement mainly include the foundation-bearing capacity, foundation-soil deformation modulus, and compaction coefficient. Conventional testing methods primarily include in-situ loading tests, in-situ sand filling, and soil-sample testing. These methods are either labor-intensive and time-consuming or harmful to the reinforced foundation-soil mass, preventing rapid and continuous detection of the foundation-soil mass. To perform rapid and continuous detection of the compaction and reinforcement effects of foundation-soil mass, the multichannel transient Rayleigh wave-detection method, considering the time difference phase between channels, was used in this study. Additionally, the method was supplemented by the sampling tests of soil mass at selected points in this study. Consequently, continuous three-dimensional imaging of the elastic wave velocity of the foundation-soil mass was obtained, along with the horizontal slice of the Rayleigh wave phase velocity imaging and the horizontal-distribution imaging of the depth-average compaction coefficient of the foundation-soil mass. The results reveal that the foundation-soil mass imaging can accurately reflect the compaction and reinforcement effects of the foundation-soil mass, thereby providing a reliable basis for evaluating the quality of foundation-soil mass reinforcement.

Diagnostic Value of Dual-source CT Dual-energy Virtual Non-contrasting Extramural Vascular Invasions of Rectal Cancer

YANG Zhenxing, ZHANG Yuqi, LIU Aishi, WU Hui, ZHAO Lei, GAO Wei, SHI Lin, HAO Fene

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.231

Abstract(145) HTML PDF(11)

Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the value of dual-source CT dual-energy virtual plain scan in the preoperative diagnosis of extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) in rectal cancer. Methods: A total of 150 patients with rectal cancer (64 females (42.7%) and 86 males (57.3%), with an average age of (62.3±11.8) years) who were scheduled for surgical treatment in our hospital from November 2019 to December 2021 were selected for the preoperative dual-source CT dual-energy virtual plain scan;. Two senior radiologists independently analyzed preoperative imaging data (including ctEMVI status, local lymph node infiltration, and distant metastasis) to determine the existence of preoperative EMVI. With pathological results as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of VNC in the diagnosis of EMVI were evaluated, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency. Results: Among 150 patients with rectal cancer, 56 (37.3%) were positive for EMVI and 94 (62.7%) were negative for EMVI. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of EMVI evaluation by physician 1 were 86%, 80.36%, 89.36%, 81.82%, and 88.42%, respectively, and the AUC was 0.831 (95%CI, 0.756～0.905). The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of physician 2 were 88.67%, 80.36%, 93.62%, 88.24%, and 88.89%, respectively, and the AUC was 0.870 (95%CI, 0.802−0.938). The consistency of the evaluation results between physician 1 and physician 2 was high (k=0.943). Conclusion: Dual-source CT dual-energy virtual plain scan has a certain diagnostic value in the preoperative evaluation of EMVI of rectal cancer.

Relationship between Tumor Burden and Early Response Time and Radiation Dose after Intraoperative Radiotherapy for Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer

YANG Ningjing, ZHOU Peng, ZHANG Mingyi, REN Jing, YIN Jun, YE Yihong

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.180

Abstract(66) HTML PDF(3)

Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the correlation between changes in tumor burden and the dose of intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) for unresectable pancreatic cancer within 60 days of treatment evaluated using imaging parameters. Methods: A total of 32 cases of unrespectable pancreatic cancer treated with IORT at the Sichuan Cancer Hospital from April 2017 to July 2020 were retrospectively included. The imaging parameters of the tumor were recorded 7 days before IORT and 60 days after IORT: the longest axis (LA), shortest axis (SA), largest cross-sectional area (A), absolute value changes of each parameter (Δ), and change rate (Δ%). Different tumor load groups (shrinking/stabilizing/increasing) were differentiated, and the relationship between each parameter, IORT radiation dose, and tumor response time was analyzed. Results: The LA of unresectable pancreatic cancer after IORT was lower than that before IORT, with significant differences observed. The SA and A values of unresectable pancreatic cancer after IORT were lower than those before IORT, with no statistical significance observed. Based on ΔLA of the pancreatic tumor, the three groups, shrinkage, stability, and enlargement, were divided, with a corresponding tumor response time of 39.57±11.77, 38.08±12.87, 41.17±42 days, respectively. There were no significant differences in LA, SA, and A among the three groups before IORT, while significant differences were observed in LA, SA, and A after IORT. The ΔLA of the three groups was statistically significant before and after IORT. There was a moderate negative correlation betweenΔLA and IORT dose levels in unrespectable pancreatic cancer (r=−0.47,). There was a moderate and high correlation between ΔLA and IORT dose in the stable group and ΔA and IORT dose in the enlargement group, respectively (r = 0.66 vs. 0.90,). There was no significant correlation between the response time and imaging parameters in these groups, except for a moderate negative correlation between ΔSA and response time in the stability group (r=−0.68,). Conclusion: ΔLA can be used to evaluate changes in tumor load within 60 days of IORT for unresectable pancreatic cancer. The efficacy of pancreatic cancer could be correlated with the IORT irradiation dose, whereas the tumor burden could not be affected by the tumor response time.

TCT Diagnosis of Splenic Torsion with Pancreatic Tail Torsion: A Clinical Case Analysis

LI Yaohui, CHEN Xiangzhi

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2023.018

Abstract(80) HTML PDF(7)

Abstract:
Wandering spleen (WS), known as the ectopic spleen, was first identified in autopsies by Dutch physician Johannes von home in 1677. It is an acute or chronic disease caused by increased activity of the spleen. When a splenic torsion occurs in the WS, it is called splenic torsion (ST). The incidence of ST is small, accounting for only 20% of WS, but it is extremely dangerous, and severe cases can cause splenic infarction or even life-threatening. The disease is rare, with only 500 cases reported worldwide. There have been no cases of ST with pancreatic tail torsion reported in China. To improve the awareness of the disease, one patient admitted to our hospital was reported.

Spectral CT Combined with Tumor Markers to Predict Ki-67 Expression in Lung Adenocarcinoma

DOU Peipei, ZHAO Hengliang, CAO Aihong

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.172

Abstract(109) HTML PDF(8)

Abstract:
Purpose: To investigate the predictive value of energy spectrum CT quantitative parameters combined with serum tumor markers (CEA, CA-125) on ki-67 expression in lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: The clinicopathological and imaging data of 64 patients with lung adenocarcinoma confirmed by pathology from June 2020 to February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent dual-phase energy spectrum CT examination, and serum CEA and CA-125 levels before treatment were clear. Based on postoperative pathological results, patients were divided into two groups, the high expression group of Ki-67 (>30%) and the low expression group of Ki-67 (≤30%). The iodine value (IC), standardized iodine ratio (NIC), and the slope of the energy spectrum curve (λHU) were measured by a dual-energy post-processing workstation. The expression levels of SERUM CEA and CA-125 before treatment were obtained according to medical records. Statistical analysis of the data was performed with SPSS22.0; t-test or Mann−Whitney U test and χ² tests were used to compare the differences in parameters between the two groups, and the ROC (receiver operating characteristic curve, ROC) curve was used to evaluate the prediction efficiency of the parameters. Results: The IC, NIC, and λHU values in the low expression group were higher than those of the high expression group, and the differences were statistically significant. Serum CEA and CA-125 levels in the ki-67 high expression group were higher than those of the low expression group, and the difference was statistically significant. There were no significant differences in other parameters between the two groups. ROC curve analysis showed that CEA had the best predictive efficiency for KI-67, with an area under the curve of 0.697, sensitivity of 39.17%, and specificity of 100%. Conclusions: The quantitative parameters of energy spectrum CT in the venous phase, serum CEA, and CA12-5 levels have a certain value in predicting the expression of KI-67, which can provide a basis for selecting a clinical treatment plan.

Application of New Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm Based on Artificial Intelligence and Low Tube Voltage in Reducing the Radiation Dose of Coronary CTA in Obese Patients

FENG Mengya, LI Bing, WU Min, HUA Ting, TANG Guangyu

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.148

Abstract(97) HTML PDF(8)

Abstract:
Objective: To explore the feasibility of using a new artificial intelligence (AI)-based iterative reconstruction algorithm with low tube voltage to reduce the radiation dose of coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) in obese patients. Methods: A total of 40 patients were randomly divided into routine-dose (group A n=20) and low-dose groups (group B n=20). In group A, a tube voltage of 120 kV and a tube current of 200 mAs, whereas in group B, a tube voltage of 80 kV and a tube current of 200 mAs were used. The collected data was transferred to the post-processing workstation. The image reconstructions of the conventional and new iterative reconstruction algorithms based on AI were used. Comparative analysis of average CT value of the aorta, signal to noise ratio (SNR) and contrast to noise ratio (CNR) of the aorta and left coronary, SNR and CNR of right coronary in the two groups. Results: The average CT value of the aorta in group B, the SNR and CNR of the aorta and the left coronary artery, the SNR and CNR of the right coronary artery was not significantly different from those of group A. There was no difference in the subjective image quality between the two groups. However, the radiation dose in patients of group B was reduced by 68.2% compared with that of group A. Conclusion: The new iterative reconstruction algorithm can significantly improve the image quality of the reconstruction. The radiation dose can be significantly reduced with a tube voltage of 80kVp, and the coronary CTA image equivalent to the image quality of the conventional dose can be obtained.

Analysis of Multi-slice Computed Tomography Images of Pulmonary Mucosa-associated Tissue Lymphoma

PENG Di, HU Xingrong, HUANG Zhihua, CHENG Shaolei, WANG Qiong, WANG Xianman

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.193

Abstract(191) HTML PDF(21)

Abstract:
Objective: To explore the mulyi-slice computed tomograpy (MSCT) imaging characteristics of pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoma tissue. Methods: The clinical data and MSCT findings of eight cases of pulmonary MALT lymphoma confirmed by pathology in our hospital from February 2014 to July 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. The causes of misdiagnosis were also analyzed. Results: Five patients underwent plain and enhanced chest CT scans, and three underwent plain chest CT scans alone. Among the eight patients, four had a single focus, four had multiple foci, and seven showed large patches of high-density shadows. All patients showed air bronchogram, and one showed mixed density patches. CT enhancement showed moderate enhancement in four cases, slight enhancement in one case, and angiography sign in four cases. Conclusion: Primary MALT lymphoma of the lung is an inert tumor with low-grade malignancy. The MSCT findings have certain characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain diseased tissues in time for pathological examination and immunohistochemistry to make a clear diagnosis.

Application of Comprehensive Geophysical Prospecting Method in Goaf Detection

TANG Su, WU Yinting, XING Hao, WEI Yongshan, WANG Xuan

, Available online , doi: 10.15953/j.ctta.2022.176

Abstract(257) HTML PDF(23)

Abstract:
To accurately explore distribution of a historical small coal mine goaf in Hami, Xinjiang, integrated application of microtremor and transient electromagnetic is used for goaf exploration researching. This work use different physical properties data into lithology, use microtremor exploration to determine the goaf position and use transient electromagnetic exploration identify goaf water. Two methods can complement each other, verify each other, and effectively reduce the wrong results of single geophysical method. Which also provides a reference for the selection and application of geophysical exploration means in small mine goaf exploration.

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